
Latest research
Concave is the New Linear: The Impossibility of Anti-Plutocratic DAO Governance
What makes a “fair” DAO governance mechanism?


Circle Research is committed to open-source principles, making our leading research accessible to the global community. We aim to contribute to the public good and accelerate crypto and blockchain innovation.
An open-source web app prototype for interpreting and executing user intents with AI (LLMs), showcasing how plain language can be the future gateway to on-chain actions. TXT2TXN stands for text-to-transaction and uses an LLM to parse freeform English text, classify it as a type of action, and convert it into a signed intent or transaction payload to be executed on-chain.
An open-source smart contract and web app for verifying signed emails on the blockchain to protect against phishing. Chainmail serves as a public key infrastructure (PKI) to connect email addresses, PGP keys, and blockchain addresses. Users can verify email messages directly on-chain.
In conjunction with Stanford researchers, Circle Research introduces the concept of “R-Pools”, which serve as decentralized insurance for DeFi protocols by facilitating exchanges between unsettled recoverable wrapper tokens for base tokens. This work discusses two designs of such a mechanism: AMM and order book.
Lack of recoverability remains a large barrier to mainstream adoption of blockchain technology from a UX, regulatory, and security perspective. The recoverable wrapper token (RWT) is a configurable mechanism to protect any ERC-20 token from thefts, hacks, and accidental transactions.
Circle Research has a charter to accelerate and amplify technical innovation within the crypto industry by developing technical, open-source research with direct applications. Led by a small team of Circle researchers, engineers, and product managers, projects published by Circle Research are committed to public good and open-source contributions to push the boundaries of crypto and blockchain technology.
Yes. Content published by Circle Research is free and available for anyone to consume, use, and build upon.
Yes. Most contributions from Circle Research will include code in our GitHub repository. Anyone can access this open-source code and fork it for their application and use.
We will aim to publish open-source research contributions with code a few times a year.
Check out our Policy Hub for our latest papers on macroeconomics, stablecoins, digital assets, distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchains.